Formatting Details

• Give the author of the selection here. 

• Format author name(s) as follows: last name, followed by the first and middle initials.  There is no comma following the last name, and no periods or spaces separate the initials, as in "Last FM." 

• For two to 10 authors, list the authors as above, separating names by a comma and a space.

• If there are more than 10 authors, list the first ten, followed by "and others."

• If the article is anonymous, write "[Anonymous]" in place of the author.    

• If the author is an organization, give the organization's name here.  If the organization has an abbreviation, put the abbreviation in brackets before its name, e.g. "[CBE] Council of Biology Editors."  

• Give the four digit year of publication.   
• If there is more than work by the same author in the reference list, attach "a," "b," etc. to the end of the year both in the reference list and the citation.

• Give the title of the selection in plain text.  Only the first word and proper nouns and adjectives are capitalized.  There are only a few exceptions.  
• If there is a secondary title or subtitle, it can be included after the main title.  Separate the two with a colon and space afterward. 
• If the book is written in a foreign language, give the title in its original language.  Follow the title with a translation within brackets ([ ]).

• Write "In: " followed by the author(s) of the book.  Format the author names as you would the author of the article.

• If there is no author, but an editor or editors instead, list the editor(s) here, followed by ", editor" or ", editors."   

• The title of the book is written in plain text.  Only the first word and proper nouns and adjectives are capitalized.  There are only a few exceptions.  
• If there is a secondary title or subtitle, it can be included after the main title.  Separate the two with a colon and space afterward. 
• If the book is written in a foreign language, give the title in its original language.  Follow the title with a translation within brackets ([ ]).

• If you are citing a volume with a separate title, write "Volume" followed by the number here.  Follow the number with a comma and a space and then give the title of the volume as you would the title of the book. 

• If the book is an edition other than the first, give the edition here, using digits and the appropriate suffix, such as "2nd," "3rd," etc. Follow with the label "ed." 
• If the book is in the first edition, but later editions are known to exist, specify that it is the "1st ed."
• If the edition is given using words, abbreviate it.  For example, abbreviate "New revised edition" as "New rev ed."  You may have to check the CBE style manual for abbreviations.

• If the book has an editor or editors (not listed in the book author position), list the editor(s) here, using the name format you would use for an author.  Follow the name(s) with ", editor" or ", editors" as appropriate. 
• If the book is a translation, list the translator here, using the name format you would use for an author.  Follow the name with ", translator."  
• If the book has both an editor and translator, list them in the order they appear on the title page, separating them with a semicolon (;). 

Period (.)

• Give the city of publication here. 
• If more than one city appears on the title page, give the first city listed.
• If the city is not well known, the state or country can be given in parentheses after the city name but period the ending period.  Use the postal state abbreviations (two capital letters, no periods.) 
• If the city is foreign, use the English equivalent of its name.
• If the place cannot be found (after a serious attempt), write "[place unknown]."

• Give the publisher's name.  Abbreviate it as directed here. 
• If the publisher is the same as the organization given as the author, give the organization's abbreviation here.  
• If the publisher cannot be found, write "[publisher unknown]."

Period (.)

• Write "p " followed by the page numbers of the selection here. 
  • Separate the first and last page numbers with an en-dash (–) or a hyphen if the en-dash isn't available. 
  • You only need to give the least number of necessary digits, e.g. 205-7, 205-12, or 295-303. However, the library recommends that you give the full page numbers for clarity.  "205-207" is much clearer than "205-7" and doesn't use much more space. 
  • If the pages are nonconsecutive pages, list all the page ranges, separating them with a comma and a space. 

• If the book is a translation, write "Translation of:" followed by the original title here. 
• If the book is part of a series, enclose in parentheses the name of the series, followed by a colon and a space, followed by the volume number of this book, e.g. "(Series: 2)." Also switch the preceding period to a semicolon (;).